332A Hair Colouring Theory and Application 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the effect of applying 40 volume (12%) developer with permanent colour?
- Deposit only, no lift
- Up to 1 level of lift
- Up to 2 levels of lift
- Up to 4 levels of lift with significant lightening (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Up to 4 levels of lift with significant lightening
40 volume (12%) developer provides the maximum lift available with permanent colour, lightening up to approximately 4 levels. It is the strongest developer and should be used with caution as it can cause significant damage.
Question 2: What is the underlying pigment exposed when hair is lightened to level 7 (medium blonde)?
- Red
- Red-orange
- Orange-yellow (Correct answer)
- Pale yellow
Correct answer: Orange-yellow
At level 7 (medium blonde), the contributing pigment exposed is orange-yellow. As hair lightens from dark to light, the underlying tones progress from red → red-orange → orange → orange-yellow → yellow → pale yellow.
Question 3: What is a colour filler and when is it used?
- A product used to strip colour from previously coloured hair
- A product that replaces missing underlying pigments to ensure even colour results when going darker (Correct answer)
- A product that adds highlights
- A clear gloss applied over permanent colour
Correct answer: A product that replaces missing underlying pigments to ensure even colour results when going darker
A colour filler replaces the missing contributing pigments in pre-lightened or colour-treated hair before applying a darker target colour. Without filling, the final colour may appear dull, ashy, muddy, or fade quickly.
Question 4: What is the term for the first time a client receives an all-over permanent colour application?
- Retouch
- Virgin application (Correct answer)
- Corrective colour
- Double process
Correct answer: Virgin application
A virgin application is the first permanent colour applied to hair that has never been chemically coloured. The application technique differs from a retouch — colour is typically applied mid-lengths and ends first, then roots.
Question 5: Why is colour applied to the mid-lengths and ends before the roots during a virgin lightening application?
- The ends are more resistant and need more time
- Body heat at the scalp accelerates processing, so roots are applied last to ensure even results (Correct answer)
- The mid-lengths need more pigment deposit
- This order is required by manufacturer instructions for all colours
Correct answer: Body heat at the scalp accelerates processing, so roots are applied last to ensure even results
During a virgin lightening application, the roots are applied last because body heat from the scalp accelerates the chemical reaction. Applying roots first would result in the roots processing faster and becoming lighter than the lengths.
Question 6: What is a secondary colour?
- A colour that is less vibrant than a primary colour
- A colour created by mixing two primary colours together (Correct answer)
- A colour used as a filler
- A colour that neutralizes a primary colour
Correct answer: A colour created by mixing two primary colours together
Secondary colours are created by mixing equal parts of two primary colours: red + yellow = orange, red + blue = violet, blue + yellow = green. These are essential in understanding colour wheel relationships for corrective work.
332A Hair Colouring Theory and Application 3
What is the effect of applying 40 volume (12%) developer with permanent colour?