1Z0-082 Oracle Database Monitoring and Auditing 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which Oracle auditing feature allows policies to audit specific rows based on column values, such as auditing access to salary data over $100,000?
- Standard Auditing
- Fine-Grained Auditing (FGA) (Correct answer)
- Unified Auditing
- Value-Based Auditing
Correct answer: Fine-Grained Auditing (FGA)
Fine-Grained Auditing (FGA) allows administrators to create policies that trigger audit records only when specific column values or conditions are met in a query.
Question 2: Which initialization parameter must be set to enable traditional (non-unified) database auditing in Oracle?
- ENABLE_AUDIT
- AUDIT_TRAIL (Correct answer)
- AUDIT_LEVEL
- DB_AUDIT
Correct answer: AUDIT_TRAIL
The AUDIT_TRAIL parameter controls whether auditing is enabled and where audit records are stored, with values such as DB, OS, XML, or NONE.
Question 3: When AUDIT_TRAIL is set to DB, where are standard audit records stored?
- In the operating system audit file
- In the SYS.AUD$ table in the database (Correct answer)
- In the redo log files
- In a separate audit database
Correct answer: In the SYS.AUD$ table in the database
When AUDIT_TRAIL=DB, Oracle writes audit records to the SYS.AUD$ table, which is accessible through the DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL data dictionary view.
Question 4: Which data dictionary view shows audit records for DDL and DML operations performed by database users?
- DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL (Correct answer)
- V$AUDIT_EVENTS
- ALL_AUDIT_LOG
- USER_AUDIT_HISTORY
Correct answer: DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL is a view over SYS.AUD$ that shows all standard audit trail entries including the user, action, object, and timestamp.
Question 5: What is Unified Auditing introduced in Oracle 12c?
- A single consolidated audit framework that replaces all previous auditing methods with one policy-based system (Correct answer)
- An auditing feature limited to DML operations only
- An external OS-level logging solution
- A feature that audits only privileged users
Correct answer: A single consolidated audit framework that replaces all previous auditing methods with one policy-based system
Unified Auditing consolidates standard auditing, FGA, SYS auditing, and RMAN auditing into a single framework stored in AUDSYS.AUD$UNIFIED and managed via audit policies.
Question 6: Which SQL statement enables auditing of SELECT operations on the HR.EMPLOYEES table for all users?
- ENABLE AUDIT SELECT ON hr.employees
- AUDIT SELECT ON hr.employees BY ACCESS (Correct answer)
- CREATE AUDIT POLICY ON hr.employees FOR SELECT
- SET AUDIT SELECT hr.employees ON
Correct answer: AUDIT SELECT ON hr.employees BY ACCESS
The AUDIT statement with the SELECT action and object name enables auditing of SELECT operations on a specific table, optionally specifying BY ACCESS or BY SESSION.
1Z0-082 Oracle Database Monitoring and Auditing 2
Which Oracle auditing feature allows policies to audit specific rows based on column values, such as auditing access to salary data over $100,000?