010-160 Linux System Architecture & Installation 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which directory is the recommended location for mounting temporary or removable media in modern Linux systems?
- /media (Correct answer)
- /mnt
- /tmp
- /run/media
Correct answer: /media
/media is the FHS-defined location for automatically mounted removable media like USB drives and optical discs.
Question 2: What is the first process started by the Linux kernel after it finishes initializing, and what PID does it receive?
- init (or systemd), PID 1 (Correct answer)
- kthreadd, PID 2
- udev, PID 1
- bash, PID 1
Correct answer: init (or systemd), PID 1
The kernel starts the init system (traditionally /sbin/init, now often systemd) as PID 1, the parent of all user-space processes.
Question 3: Which command shows currently loaded kernel modules?
- lsmod (Correct answer)
- modinfo
- insmod
- depmod
Correct answer: lsmod
lsmod reads /proc/modules and displays a formatted list of all currently loaded kernel modules.
Question 4: On a system using GRUB2, where is the main configuration file typically located?
- /boot/grub/grub.cfg (Correct answer)
- /etc/grub.conf
- /boot/grub2.cfg
- /etc/default/grub
Correct answer: /boot/grub/grub.cfg
/boot/grub/grub.cfg is the generated GRUB2 configuration file read at boot (auto-generated from /etc/default/grub).
Question 5: Which /proc file shows the amount of total and free RAM in the system?
- /proc/meminfo (Correct answer)
- /proc/raminfo
- /proc/memory
- /proc/sysinfo
Correct answer: /proc/meminfo
/proc/meminfo provides detailed memory statistics including MemTotal, MemFree, and cache/buffer sizes.
Question 6: What filesystem type is required for the EFI System Partition (ESP) used in UEFI booting?
- FAT32 (vfat) (Correct answer)
- ext4
- xfs
- NTFS
Correct answer: FAT32 (vfat)
The UEFI specification mandates that the ESP be formatted as FAT32 so firmware can read bootloader files.
Question 7: Which command removes a kernel module from the running kernel?
- rmmod
- modprobe -r
- insmod -d
- Both rmmod and modprobe -r (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Both rmmod and modprobe -r
Both rmmod and modprobe -r remove a loaded kernel module; modprobe -r also handles module dependencies.
010-160 Linux System Architecture & Installation 4
Which directory is the recommended location for mounting temporary or removable media in modern Linux systems?