010-160 Basic Scripting Concepts 3

Question 1

In a bash `for` loop written as `for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do echo $i; done`, how many times does the loop body execute?

Accepted Answer

5

Answer

The loop iterates once for each word in the list, which contains five elements.

Question 2

What does the `shift` command do inside a shell script?

Accepted Answer

Shifts positional parameters left, dropping $1

Answer

`shift` removes `$1` and renumbers remaining positional parameters so `$2` becomes `$1`, and so on.

Question 3

Which quoting style prevents ALL special-character interpretation in bash?

Accepted Answer

Single quotes ''

Answer

Single quotes preserve the literal value of every character inside them with no exceptions.

Question 4

What is the purpose of the `break` statement inside a loop?

Accepted Answer

Exits the innermost loop

Answer

`break` terminates execution of the innermost enclosing loop and resumes after it.

Question 5

Which variable holds all positional parameters passed to a script as a single quoted string?

Accepted Answer

$*

Answer

`$*` expands all positional parameters as a single word joined by the first character of IFS.

(010-160) LPI Linux Essentials Practice Test