Vision and Ophthalmology Pharmacology and Medications 3

Question 1

Which systemic medication is associated with corneal and retinal deposits visible on slit-lamp examination?

Accepted Answer

Amiodarone

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Lisinopril

Answer

Atorvastatin

Question 2

Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) toxicity most commonly affects which ocular structure?

Accepted Answer

Macula (retinal toxicity causing bull's eye maculopathy)

Answer

Corneal endothelium

Answer

Optic nerve

Answer

Ciliary body

Question 3

Oral acetazolamide (Diamox) reduces IOP by which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting carbonic anhydrase in the ciliary body, reducing aqueous production

Answer

Increasing uveoscleral outflow

Answer

Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors

Answer

Opening trabecular channels

Question 4

Dilute pilocarpine 0.1% is used diagnostically for which condition?

Accepted Answer

Adie's tonic pupil (supersensitivity denervation response)

Answer

Angle-closure glaucoma

Answer

Horner syndrome

Answer

Third nerve palsy

Question 5

Cocaine eye drops, used in the diagnosis of Horner syndrome, work by:

Accepted Answer

Blocking norepinephrine reuptake, causing dilation only if sympathetic innervation is intact

Answer

Directly stimulating alpha-1 adrenergic receptors

Answer

Blocking muscarinic receptors

Answer

Stimulating the dilator muscle directly

Question 6

Which preservative in topical ophthalmic medications is most commonly associated with corneal toxicity and dry eye exacerbation?

Accepted Answer

Benzalkonium chloride (BAK)

Answer

Sodium chloride

Answer

Carboxymethylcellulose

Answer

Polyethylene glycol