test
Compared to most of our country’s other Founding Fathers, Thomas Paine is essentially unknown. In fact, there are many Americans who have never even heard of him. Paine was born in 1737, the son of a corseter – a tailor specializing in corsets and other undergarments – and grew up in rural Thetford, England. As a young man, Paine worked as a corseter, sailor, and minister, but found his true calling when he moved to the British colonies in America. Paine first gained notoriety as the editor of Pennsylvania Magazine and, as political turmoil engulfed the colonies, he became more prominent. In 1776, Paine anonymously published a book called Common Sense that argued forcefully for American independence from Britain. The book’s popularity spread like wildfire; soon there were 200,000 copies in circulation. Once the war began, Paine published a series of pamphlets called The Crisis. These, in the midst of a bloody war, helped keep up the morale of the troops. Thomas Paine is also credited with conceiving the name “The United States of America.” Thomas Paine was an extremely talented writer; Thomas Jefferson and John Adams drew heavily on his work when drafting the Declaration of Independence. Later in life, Paine wrote other, highly controversial works. He was even exiled from England and imprisoned in France for his writings. In 1796, Paine did his part to inspire what would become Social Security. He suggested a system of social insurance for the young and the elderly in his last great work, Agrarian Justice. Which of the following conclusions may logically be drawn from the first paragraph of the passage?
Correct!
Wrong!
The first sentence compares Paine to "our country's other Founding Fathers." From this statement we can conclude that he was one of the Founding Fathers. None of the other choices are directly supported by the first paragraph.
Compared to most of our country’s other Founding Fathers, Thomas Paine is essentially unknown. In fact, there are many Americans who have never even heard of him. Paine was born in 1737, the son of a corseter – a tailor specializing in corsets and other undergarments – and grew up in rural Thetford, England. As a young man, Paine worked as a corseter, sailor, and minister, but found his true calling when he moved to the British colonies in America. Paine first gained notoriety as the editor of Pennsylvania Magazine and, as political turmoil engulfed the colonies, he became more prominent. In 1776, Paine anonymously published a book called Common Sense that argued forcefully for American independence from Britain. The book’s popularity spread like wildfire; soon there were 200,000 copies in circulation. Once the war began, Paine published a series of pamphlets called The Crisis. These, in the midst of a bloody war, helped keep up the morale of the troops. Thomas Paine is also credited with conceiving the name “The United States of America.” Thomas Paine was an extremely talented writer; Thomas Jefferson and John Adams drew heavily on his work when drafting the Declaration of Independence. Later in life, Paine wrote other, highly controversial works. He was even exiled from England and imprisoned in France for his writings. In 1796, Paine did his part to inspire what would become Social Security. He suggested a system of social insurance for the young and the elderly in his last great work, Agrarian Justice. What sentence, if added to the end of the passage, would provide the best conclusion to both the paragraph and the passage?
Correct!
Wrong!
Concluding sentences should summarize and contextualize, not introduce new information. Answer (B) nicely ties the last paragraph back to the first paragraph without introducing new information or opinions.
Compared to most of our country’s other Founding Fathers, Thomas Paine is essentially unknown. In fact, there are many Americans who have never even heard of him. Paine was born in 1737, the son of a corseter – a tailor specializing in corsets and other undergarments – and grew up in rural Thetford, England. As a young man, Paine worked as a corseter, sailor, and minister, but found his true calling when he moved to the British colonies in America. Paine first gained notoriety as the editor of Pennsylvania Magazine and, as political turmoil engulfed the colonies, he became more prominent. In 1776, Paine anonymously published a book called Common Sense that argued forcefully for American independence from Britain. The book’s popularity spread like wildfire; soon there were 200,000 copies in circulation. Once the war began, Paine published a series of pamphlets called The Crisis. These, in the midst of a bloody war, helped keep up the morale of the troops. Thomas Paine is also credited with conceiving the name “The United States of America.” Thomas Paine was an extremely talented writer; Thomas Jefferson and John Adams drew heavily on his work when drafting the Declaration of Independence. Later in life, Paine wrote other, highly controversial works. He was even exiled from England and imprisoned in France for his writings. In 1796, Paine did his part to inspire what would become Social Security. He suggested a system of social insurance for the young and the elderly in his last great work, Agrarian Justice. The passage is reflective of which of the following types of writing?
Correct!
Wrong!
This passage contains some opinion, but is largely informational, providing facts about the life of Thomas Paine. The author’s opinion doesn’t occur until the third paragraph (“Thomas Paine was an extremely talented writer....). Since the majority of the passage presents verifiable facts, we can say it is most reflective of “expository” writing.
Compared to most of our country’s other Founding Fathers, Thomas Paine is essentially unknown. In fact, there are many Americans who have never even heard of him. Paine was born in 1737, the son of a corseter – a tailor specializing in corsets and other undergarments – and grew up in rural Thetford, England. As a young man, Paine worked as a corseter, sailor, and minister, but found his true calling when he moved to the British colonies in America. Paine first gained notoriety as the editor of Pennsylvania Magazine and, as political turmoil engulfed the colonies, he became more prominent. In 1776, Paine anonymously published a book called Common Sense that argued forcefully for American independence from Britain. The book’s popularity spread like wildfire; soon there were 200,000 copies in circulation. Once the war began, Paine published a series of pamphlets called The Crisis. These, in the midst of a bloody war, helped keep up the morale of the troops. Thomas Paine is also credited with conceiving the name “The United States of America.” Thomas Paine was an extremely talented writer; Thomas Jefferson and John Adams drew heavily on his work when drafting the Declaration of Independence. Later in life, Paine wrote other, highly controversial works. He was even exiled from England and imprisoned in France for his writings. In 1796, Paine did his part to inspire what would become Social Security. He suggested a system of social insurance for the young and the elderly in his last great work, Agrarian Justice. The reader can infer that this passage was taken from which of the following?
Correct!
Wrong!
Because the passage is informational and factual, it is likely not from a political treatise (too opinionated) or a historical novel (fictional). Between a history textbook and a tourist guidebook, it is more likely that the passage is from the former since the passage contains no information about specific places that would be of interest to a tourist besides the brief mention of Thetford.
Compared to most of our country’s other Founding Fathers, Thomas Paine is essentially unknown. In fact, there are many Americans who have never even heard of him. Paine was born in 1737, the son of a corseter – a tailor specializing in corsets and other undergarments – and grew up in rural Thetford, England. As a young man, Paine worked as a corseter, sailor, and minister, but found his true calling when he moved to the British colonies in America. Paine first gained notoriety as the editor of Pennsylvania Magazine and, as political turmoil engulfed the colonies, he became more prominent. In 1776, Paine anonymously published a book called Common Sense that argued forcefully for American independence from Britain. The book’s popularity spread like wildfire; soon there were 200,000 copies in circulation. Once the war began, Paine published a series of pamphlets called The Crisis. These, in the midst of a bloody war, helped keep up the morale of the troops. Thomas Paine is also credited with conceiving the name “The United States of America.” Thomas Paine was an extremely talented writer; Thomas Jefferson and John Adams drew heavily on his work when drafting the Declaration of Independence. Later in life, Paine wrote other, highly controversial works. He was even exiled from England and imprisoned in France for his writings. In 1796, Paine did his part to inspire what would become Social Security. He suggested a system of social insurance for the young and the elderly in his last great work, Agrarian Justice. The description of the drafting of the Declaration of Independence in the third paragraph has what type of relationship to Thomas Paine’s writing?
Correct!
Wrong!
The passage mentions that the Founding Fathers “drew heavily on his work” when drafting the Declaration of Independence. This means that Paine’s writing came first, then the Declaration of Independence followed. While one was influenced by the other, “cause and effect” is too strong to describe this relationship. It’s not as if Paine’s writing was solely responsible for the drafting of the Declaration. The relationship is sequential.
The Louis Lumière camera launched in Paris on December 28th, 1895. It was called the Cinématographe and it was the first camera manageable enough to bring out of the studio and into the world. Its competitor, at the time, was still confined to a studio in New Jersey and required several men to move. The Lumière camera weighed only 5 kilograms and could be carried in a small suitcase. An audience of journalists, theatre directors, and friends viewed the first show. After that, the public shows commenced. Louis Lumière, often considered the founder of documentary film, was the son of Antoine Lumière, a painter who had turned to portrait photography, photographing well-to-do clients against backdrops he painted. Louis and his brother Auguste received a technical education, but Louis left school at an early age because of severe headaches, and took up laboratory work for his father. While still a teenager, he invented a new procedure for preparing photographic plates, which gave such fine results that the Lumières began to manufacture plates for others. Soon the family sold the photo studio and on the outskirts of Lyon organized a factory of plates. Louis designed and oversaw everything. By 1895, the factory employed more than 300 workers, produced fifteen million dry plates annually, and was a leader in photographic equipment. During this time, his father was semi-retired, spending his days painting, and the two brothers were consistently working on new inventions. Although they worked as a team on nearly everything, Louis was considered the sole inventor of the Cinématographe, having solved its problems during a night of insomnia in 1894. The Cinématographe was not only small and light; it also had the miraculous capability of filming, projecting, and printing. This meant that an operator could serve as a complete production crew: he or she could be sent anywhere in the world to give showings, shoot new films by day, develop films in his or her hotel room, and show them to the public that very night. Because of this, the Lumière’s sent dozens of operators to film and present shows across Europe, Russia, and Great Britain. Cinématographe’s debuts in London and New York were similar to that of Paris—slow at first, but eventually a shocking success. Cinema quickly became part of music hall programs and Cinématographe shows gained permanent residence. Which of the following technological developments would most closely resemble the innovation of the Cinématographe?
Correct!
Wrong!
The unique thing about the Cinématographe was that it could be moved and carried by only a few men. This machine is more portable, able to be run with fewer people, and makes its product more widely available. This is the closest match to the innovation of the Cinématographe.
The Louis Lumière camera launched in Paris on December 28th, 1895. It was called the Cinématographe and it was the first camera manageable enough to bring out of the studio and into the world. Its competitor, at the time, was still confined to a studio in New Jersey and required several men to move. The Lumière camera weighed only 5 kilograms and could be carried in a small suitcase. An audience of journalists, theatre directors, and friends viewed the first show. After that, the public shows commenced. Louis Lumière, often considered the founder of documentary film, was the son of Antoine Lumière, a painter who had turned to portrait photography, photographing well-to-do clients against backdrops he painted. Louis and his brother Auguste received a technical education, but Louis left school at an early age because of severe headaches, and took up laboratory work for his father. While still a teenager, he invented a new procedure for preparing photographic plates, which gave such fine results that the Lumières began to manufacture plates for others. Soon the family sold the photo studio and on the outskirts of Lyon organized a factory of plates. Louis designed and oversaw everything. By 1895, the factory employed more than 300 workers, produced fifteen million dry plates annually, and was a leader in photographic equipment. During this time, his father was semi-retired, spending his days painting, and the two brothers were consistently working on new inventions. Although they worked as a team on nearly everything, Louis was considered the sole inventor of the Cinématographe, having solved its problems during a night of insomnia in 1894. The Cinématographe was not only small and light; it also had the miraculous capability of filming, projecting, and printing. This meant that an operator could serve as a complete production crew: he or she could be sent anywhere in the world to give showings, shoot new films by day, develop films in his or her hotel room, and show them to the public that very night. Because of this, the Lumière’s sent dozens of operators to film and present shows across Europe, Russia, and Great Britain. Cinématographe’s debuts in London and New York were similar to that of Paris—slow at first, but eventually a shocking success. Cinema quickly became part of music hall programs and Cinématographe shows gained permanent residence. Which of the following describes the word miraculous as it is used in the third paragraph of the passage?
Correct!
Wrong!
The word “miraculous” as used in the third paragraph is meant to convey the extraordinary ability of the Cinématographe. Something like “astonishing’ would be the closest synonym.
A customer eating one of these prepared biscuits should probably limit which type of intake for the rest of the day?
Correct!
Wrong!
The prepared biscuit has 30% of the recommended daily percentage of saturated fat. Since this is the highest percentage for daily recommended values of the percentages for prepared biscuits, this is the ingredient that should be limited for the rest of the day.
For some, the poverty and deprivations of youth must be credited with the grandest achievements of adulthood. The poet Robert Burns and his brother were expected to do the work of men at the age of thirteen. He had some schooling before then, and must have improved during this time, for he could read and spell well, and had some knowledge of English grammar. Which of the following would provide the best support for the claim made in the first line of the passage?
Correct!
Wrong!
This answer describes someone growing up in "destitution" (which is another word for poverty) and later becoming "the greatest writer of his generation."