NCLEX-PN Practice Exam 18

A client with human immunodeficiency syndrome has gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea. The nurse should teach the client to avoid:

Calcium-rich foods

Canned or frozen vegetables

Processed meat

Raw fruits and vegetables

Correct! Wrong!

The client with HIV should adhere to a low-bacteria diet by avoiding raw fruits and vegetables. Answers A, B, and C are incorrect because they are permitted in the client’s diet.

A 4-year-old is admitted with acute leukemia. It will be most important to monitor the child for:

Abdominal pain and anorexia

Fatigue and bruising

Bleeding and pallor

Petechiae and mucosal ulcers

Correct! Wrong!

The child with leukemia has low platelet counts, which contribute to spontaneous bleeding. Answers A, B, and D, common in the child with leukemia, are not life-threatening.

A 5-month-old is diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. Nursing interventions will focus on:

Preventing infection

Administering antipyretics

Keeping the skin free of moisture

Limiting oral fluid intake

Correct! Wrong!

The nurse should prevent the infant with atopic dermatitis (eczema) from scratching, which can lead to skin infections. Answer B is incorrect because fever is not associated with atopic dermatitis. Answers C and D are incorrect because they increase dryness of the skin, which worsens the symptoms of atopic dermatitis.