GED Learning Theories & Psychology 3

Question 1

Lev Vygotsky emphasized which factor as central to cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

Social interaction and the role of language

Answer

Individual exploration without adult interference

Answer

Biological maturation on a fixed timetable

Answer

Reinforcement schedules in the environment

Question 2

Jean Piaget identified four stages of cognitive development. Which stage is associated with abstract and hypothetical reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Formal operational stage

Answer

Sensorimotor stage

Answer

Preoperational stage

Answer

Concrete operational stage

Question 3

The concept of 'self-efficacy,' central to Bandura's theory, refers to:

Accepted Answer

A student's belief in their own capacity to execute tasks and achieve goals

Answer

A student's score on a standardized self-concept test

Answer

The process of observing and imitating role models

Answer

Intrinsic motivation derived from natural curiosity

Question 4

Classical conditioning, developed by Ivan Pavlov, demonstrates that:

Accepted Answer

A neutral stimulus can become associated with a response through repeated pairing

Answer

Behavior is shaped by its consequences

Answer

New behaviors are learned by observing models

Answer

Cognitive schemas are modified through experience

Question 5

Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences proposes that:

Accepted Answer

There are eight or more distinct types of intelligence beyond verbal-linguistic ability

Answer

Intelligence is a single general factor measured best by IQ tests

Answer

Only mathematical and linguistic intelligences are relevant to academic achievement

Answer

Intelligence is fixed at birth and cannot be developed

Question 6

Which learning theory focuses on how people organize, process, and store information in memory?

Accepted Answer

Information processing theory

Answer

Behaviorism

Answer

Humanism

Answer

Social learning theory