Free STNA Personal Care Skills Test 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the following is considered a normal age-related change?
- Dementia
- Contractures
- Bladder holding less urine (Correct answer)
- Wheezing when breathing
Correct answer: Bladder holding less urine
As people age, the bladder muscle can become less elastic and its capacity to hold urine may decrease, leading to more frequent urination. This is a common physiological change associated with the aging process. Unlike dementia, contractures, or wheezing, which are typically signs of disease or specific conditions, a reduced bladder capacity is often a normal age-related alteration.
Question 2: A resident is on a bladder retraining program. The nurse aide should expect the resident to:
- Have a fluid intake restriction to prevent sudden urges to urinate.
- Wear an incontinent brief in case of an accident.
- Have an indwelling urinary catheter.
- Have a schedule for toileting. (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Have a schedule for toileting.
Bladder retraining programs are designed to help residents regain control over urination by establishing a regular, timed toileting schedule. This involves taking the resident to the bathroom at specific intervals, gradually increasing the time between voids. The goal is to re-establish a predictable pattern of urination and improve bladder capacity, reducing episodes of incontinence.
Question 3: A resident who has stress incontinence:
- Will have an indwelling urinary catheter.
- Should wear an incontinent brief at night.
- May leak urine when laughing or coughing. (Correct answer)
- Needs toileting every 1-2 hours throughout the day.
Correct answer: May leak urine when laughing or coughing.
Stress incontinence is characterized by the involuntary leakage of urine that occurs with activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, laughing, or lifting. This happens due to weakened pelvic floor muscles or a compromised urethral sphincter. It is a common type of incontinence, particularly prevalent in women.
Question 4: When moving a resident up in bed who is able to move with assistance, the nurse aide should:
- Position them with their knees straight and bent at the waist.
- Use a gait or transfer belt to assist with the repositioning.
- Pull the resident up holding onto one side of the drawsheet at a time.
- Bend the resident's knees and ask the resident to push with his/her feet. (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Bend the resident's knees and ask the resident to push with his/her feet.
When moving a resident up in bed who can assist, bending their knees and asking them to push with their feet utilizes their own strength and helps them actively participate in the movement. This technique reduces the physical strain on the nurse aide, promotes resident independence, and is a key principle of proper body mechanics and safe patient handling.
Question 5: While the nurse aide tries to dress a confused resident, the resident keeps trying to grab a hairbrush. The nurse aide should:
- Put the hairbrush away and out of sight.
- Give the resident the hairbrush to hold. (Correct answer)
- Try to dress the resident more quickly.
- Restrain the resident's hand.
Correct answer: Give the resident the hairbrush to hold.
For a confused resident, providing a familiar object or redirecting their attention can help calm them and reduce agitation. Giving the resident the hairbrush to hold offers a distraction and a sense of control, allowing the nurse aide to continue with dressing without escalating the situation. This approach respects the resident's current state and promotes cooperation.
Question 6: A resident gets dressed and comes out of his room wearing shoes that are from two different pairs. The nurse aide should:
- Tease the resident by complimenting the resident's sense of style.
- Ask if the resident realizes that the shoes do not match. (Correct answer)
- Remind the resident that the nurse aide can dress the resident.
- Ask if the resident lost some of his shoes.
Correct answer: Ask if the resident realizes that the shoes do not match.
The most respectful and appropriate response is to gently inquire if the resident is aware of the mismatch in their shoes. This approach maintains the resident's dignity, allows them to correct the error if they are capable, and provides an opportunity for the nurse aide to offer assistance without causing embarrassment or making the resident feel incompetent.
Question 7: A resident's wife recently died. The resident is now staying in his room all the time and eating very little. The best response by the nurse aide is to:
- Remind the resident to be thankful for the years he shared with his wife.
- Tell the resident that he needs to get out of his room at least once a day.
- Understand the resident is grieving and give him chances to talk. (Correct answer)
- Avoid mentioning his wife when caring for him.
Correct answer: Understand the resident is grieving and give him chances to talk.
The resident is experiencing grief, which is a normal and profound reaction to the loss of a loved one. The best response is to offer empathy and support, creating an environment where the resident feels comfortable expressing their feelings. Encouraging conversation and active listening validates their emotions and helps them process their grief.
Question 8: Which of the following questions asked to the resident is most likely to encourage conversation?
- Are you feeling tired today?
- Do you want to wear this outfit?
- What are your favorite foods? (Correct answer)
- Is the water warm enough?
Correct answer: What are your favorite foods?
Open-ended questions, such as 'What are your favorite foods?', encourage more than a simple 'yes' or 'no' answer. They invite the resident to share details, memories, and preferences, fostering a more meaningful conversation. This approach allows the nurse aide to learn more about the resident and build rapport.
Question 9: When trying to communicate with a resident who speaks a different language than the nurse aide, the nurse aide should:
- Use pictures and gestures (Correct answer)
- Face the resident and speak softly when talking.
- Repeat words often if the resident does not understand.
- Assume when the resident nods his/her head that the message is understood.
Correct answer: Use pictures and gestures
When a language barrier exists, non-verbal communication methods like pictures, gestures, and demonstrations are essential tools. These methods can convey basic needs, instructions, and emotions more effectively than simply repeating words or speaking loudly. Using visual and physical cues helps bridge the communication gap and ensures better understanding.
Question 10: Before touching a resident who is crying to offer comfort, the nurse aide should consider:
- The resident's recent vital signs.
- The resident's cultural background. (Correct answer)
- Whether the resident has been sad recently.
- Whether the resident has family that visits routinely.
Correct answer: The resident's cultural background.
Cultural background significantly influences how individuals express and receive comfort, especially physical touch. Before offering comfort through touch, it is crucial to consider the resident's cultural norms and personal preferences. This ensures the gesture is perceived as supportive and respectful, rather than intrusive or inappropriate.
Question 11: When a resident is expressing anger, the nurse aide should consider:
- Correct the resident's misperceptions.
- Ask the resident to speak in a kinder tone.
- Listen closely to the resident's concerns. (Correct answer)
- Remind the resident that everyone gets angry.
Correct answer: Listen closely to the resident's concerns.
When a resident is expressing anger, the most effective response is to listen actively and attentively to their concerns. This validates their feelings, shows respect, and helps the nurse aide understand the root cause of the anger. Understanding the underlying issue is the first step toward resolving the problem or de-escalating the situation.
Free STNA Personal Care Skills Test 2
Which of the following is considered a normal age-related change?