Free PSW Basic Questions and Answers 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: You receive a drink of water from the host when you attend a dinner party. A few days later, many of the guests including yourself become really ill with diarrhea. In this instance, the transmission path is:
- Transmission Contact
- Transmission of Droplets
- Transfer via Vectors
- Vehicle Transmission (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Vehicle Transmission
Vehicle transmission occurs when a pathogen is transmitted through an inanimate object or substance, known as a vehicle. In this scenario, the contaminated water served at the dinner party acts as the vehicle, spreading the illness to multiple guests. This is distinct from direct contact, airborne droplets, or vector-borne transmission.
Question 2: "Difficulty breathing" is best described as:
- Dysuria
- Orthopnea
- Dyspnea (Correct answer)
- Bradypnea
Correct answer: Dyspnea
Dyspnea is the medical term specifically used to describe difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. Orthopnea refers to difficulty breathing when lying down, while Bradypnea means abnormally slow breathing. Dysuria, on the other hand, refers to painful or difficult urination, not breathing.
Question 3: When moving a patient to a chair, bed, or bathroom:
- First to move is the weaker side.
- There is no way to use the transfer belt.
- The strong side of the client moves first. (Correct answer)
- Support is provided by pillows.
Correct answer: The strong side of the client moves first.
When assisting a client with transfers, it is best practice to have them lead with their stronger side. This allows the client to use their unaffected muscles more effectively, promoting their independence and stability during the movement. The caregiver can then provide support to the weaker side, ensuring a safer and more controlled transfer.
Question 4: It indicates that your client has "muscle atrophy."
- bringing a body portion closer to the body's midline.
- the weakened muscles brought on by inactivity.
- a reduction in size or a loss of muscular mass. (Correct answer)
- excessive body part straightening.
Correct answer: a reduction in size or a loss of muscular mass.
Muscle atrophy refers to the wasting away or decrease in the size of muscle tissue. This condition often results from disuse, malnutrition, or certain diseases, leading to a reduction in muscle mass and strength. It is a significant concern for individuals with limited mobility or chronic illnesses.
Question 5: The purposes of "trochanter rolls" are:
- Keeping the arms and abdomen from extending outward.
- Individuals with congestive heart failure are given a special bread.
- Patients with diabetes are given a specific bread.
- Stopping the legs and hips from extending outward. (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Stopping the legs and hips from extending outward.
Trochanter rolls are positioning aids, typically made from rolled blankets or towels, placed along the outer thighs and hips. Their primary purpose is to prevent the external rotation of the hips and legs, which helps maintain proper body alignment and prevents complications like hip contractures in bedridden patients. They are not related to diet or specific medical conditions like congestive heart failure or diabetes.
Question 6: The word "pathogen" :
- Refers to the cell following its enlargement due to water.
- Something that the bodies of all people require.
- It's a Disease that cause microbe (Correct answer)
- It's an allergy.
Correct answer: It's a Disease that cause microbe
A pathogen is a biological agent, such as a bacterium, virus, fungus, or parasite, that can cause disease in its host. These microorganisms are responsible for infectious illnesses and are a primary focus in microbiology and public health. They are distinct from allergies or normal cellular processes.
Question 7: Pau suffers from bipolar disorder. Thus, he:
- Is Not Friendly
- Is hallucinating
- Extreme mood swings (Correct answer)
- Is highly dubious
Correct answer: Extreme mood swings
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by significant and often dramatic shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and concentration. Individuals with bipolar disorder experience episodes of intense highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression), which are referred to as extreme mood swings. These mood changes can affect their daily functioning.
Question 8: Before Mr. Rolando can open the door, he needs to touch it three times. Most likely, he has:
- Disorder of Post-Traumatic Stress
- Insomnia
- Insomnia and Compulsive Behavior (Correct answer)
- Anxiety Disorder
Correct answer: Insomnia and Compulsive Behavior
Mr. Rolando's repetitive action of touching the door three times before opening it is a classic example of a compulsion. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rules that must be applied rigidly. This behavior is characteristic of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), which often co-occurs with anxiety and can impact sleep, hence 'Insomnia and Compulsive Behavior' is the most fitting description.
Question 9: The initial stage of a wound's healing process is:
- Phase of Proliferation
- Phase of Trauma
- Phase of Inflammation (Correct answer)
- Phase of Maturation
Correct answer: Phase of Inflammation
The initial stage of wound healing is the inflammatory phase, which begins immediately after injury. During this phase, the body's immune system responds by sending blood and immune cells to the wound site, leading to redness, swelling, heat, and pain. This process cleans the wound and prepares it for the subsequent stages of proliferation and maturation.
Question 10: There's an abdominal binder on Mr. Mel. Using the binder, one can:
- Stop the infection of wounds
- Maintain dressings in place and offer assistance. (Correct answer)
- Promote the peristalsis
- Avoid thrombosis
Correct answer: Maintain dressings in place and offer assistance.
An abdominal binder is a wide elastic or cloth band worn around the abdomen. Its primary uses include providing support to the abdominal muscles, especially after surgery or injury, and holding dressings securely in place over abdominal wounds. This support can help reduce pain, improve comfort, and facilitate mobility.
Question 11: Applying heat to the skin causes the blood vessels to:
- Vasodilate (Correct answer)
- Hypotenuse
- Vasoconstrict
- Hypertense
Correct answer: Vasodilate
Applying heat to the skin causes the blood vessels in that area to vasodilate, meaning they widen or expand. This vasodilation increases blood flow to the warmed area, which can help deliver oxygen and nutrients, remove waste products, reduce muscle stiffness, and promote healing. Vasoconstriction, conversely, is the narrowing of blood vessels.
Free PSW Basic Questions and Answers 1
You receive a drink of water from the host when you attend a dinner party.
A few days later, many of the guests including yourself become really ill with diarrhea.
In this instance, the transmission path is: