FREE Medical-Surgical Nursing Questions and Answers
A person who has had a stroke gets admitted. The patient's arm has become contractured, the nurse observes. What among the following is NOT a suitable intervention?
The contracture will only get worse if a sling is placed. Enhancing range of motion through exercises and posture is the aim of contracture prevention and treatment. Surgery is another option, however even after the contracture has been corrected surgically, it may return.
A patient receives a final lung cancer diagnosis. The patient accuses his parents of smoking in their house when he was a child after learning the diagnosis. Which of the five stages of mourning according to Kübler-Ross best fits this patient?
In the period of fury, this patient is. Instead than concentrating on what he can do to accept and prepare for his death, he blames his parents for his diagnosis. Denial, rage, bargaining, sadness, and acceptance are the five stages. Not everyone experiences all of the phases of grieving, and they aren't always felt in that order either. Patients may visit one or more stages repeatedly before being able to move through them.
What complications can be anticipated in a renal patient undergoing hemodialysis after having a significant amount of fluid removed?
Leg and abdominal cramping might occur in a patient who has a significant amount of fluid removed during hemodialysis because of electrolyte depletion. The clearance of fluids should ease breathing, not make it harder to breathe. Excessive fluid accumulation is linked to chest pain. Redness at the point of insertion may indicate an infection and is unrelated to the amount of fluid extracted during hemodialysis.
An individual is being examined for possible meningitis. Which of the following is NOT a typical meningitis symptom or sign?
Nystagmus is not frequently observed in meningitis patients, though a few may present with it as one of their symptoms. The traditional meningitis trio of signs and symptoms includes fever, altered mental status, and nuchal rigidity. When the hip and knee flex, as the neck generally does, the Brudzinski sign is present. This technique aids in the meningitis diagnosis.
Prerenal failure is the diagnosis for the patient. For this patient, the nursing intervention that should be given high priority is to:
Reduced blood supply to the kidneys, which can result in ischemia in the nephrons, is what causes prerenal failure. I.V. Boluses of fluid may increase flow and perfusion to the nephrons. Repositioning, dental care, and antibiotics are not top priority in this case.
A patient underwent a total colectomy and ileostomy. For this patient, the most crucial nursing intervention is to:
Large volumes of fluid and electrolytes from the upper GI tract are present in ileostomy discharge. Therefore, it's essential to keep track of the patient's fluid and electrolyte levels in order to prevent dehydration. Patients with pancreatic failure are treated with proteolytic enzymes. Ileostomies never receive irrigation; instead, a steady stream of fluids is drained from them. The upper GI tract is not responsive to antidiarrheal drugs.
A patient who underwent a procedure involving radiographic contrast material is being cared for by a nurse and displaying symptoms of dyspnea, flushing, and itching. The highest priority course of action is to:
The patient exhibits symptoms of an iodine allergy to the contrast media. Making sure the patient's airway is open is the first step. Make a cardiac arrest (Code Blue) call if the airway is threatened. While checking vital signs and calling the doctor are crucial nursing interventions, they should come after confirming the patency of the airway. No need for a cold pack.