FREE Maternity Nursing: Antepartum Questions and Answers
During a client's admittance evaluation who is carrying twins, a nurse is gathering data. The client informs the nurse that she has a healthy 5-year-old child who was born at 37 weeks and that she has no prior history of abortion or fetal demise. The GTPAL for this client would be noted by the nurse as follows:
The abbreviation GTPAL can be used to denote pregnancy outcomes. Our GTPAL Guide can be used to learn more about obstetric history. - ""G"" stands for gravidity, or the quantity of pregnancies. - ""T"" stands for term births, or the number of babies delivered at term (37 weeks or later). - Preterm births are those occurring between 20 and 36 weeks of pregnancy, or ""P"" births. - ""A"" refers to abortions, miscarriages, and pre-20 week losses. - ""L"" stands for live births, or the quantity of children born alive.
For the initial prenatal evaluation, a customer shows up at a prenatal clinic. The patient informs the nurse that her most recent period began on September 19, 2013, according to her last period. The nurse calculates the anticipated date of confinement as follows using Naegele's rule:
It is necessary for the woman to have a regular 28-day menstrual cycle in order to apply Naegele's rule correctly. The last menstrual period's starting day is multiplied by seven days, three months are subtracted, and finally one year is added.
A nurse measures the fetal heart rate at the 38-week prenatal checkup. Which of the following observations leads the nurse to conclude that the fetal heart rate is normal?
The fetal heart rate varies according to gestational age and is between 160 and 170 beats per minute (BPM) in the first trimester before slowing down to 120 to 160 BPM close or at term. When the uterus is at rest and the fetal heart rate is between 120 and 160 BPM at or near term, the fetus may be in distress.
The female reproductive system's activities are being reviewed in a lecture by a nursing professor. She requests a description of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the student nurse. The student nurse responds truthfully by claiming that:
When the hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates follicular growth and development, the Graafian follicle expands, and progesterone production, FSH and LH are released from the anterior pituitary gland.
A nurse is looking over the file of a patient whose pregnancy test just came back positive. The doctor has confirmed that a Goodell's sign is present. The nurse interprets this sign as meaning:
The Goodell's sign is a result of the cervix being softer in the first few weeks of pregnancy as a result of increased vascularity and hyperplasia.
A primipara who is being examined in a clinic during her second trimester of pregnancy is being assessed by a nurse. Which of the following points to an unusual physical finding that calls for additional testing?
Gestational age affects the fetal heart rate's normal range. The fetal heart rate ranges from 120 to 160 BPM close and at term. It is typically 160–170 BPM in the first trimester and slows with fetal growth. The other choices are anticipated.
During a prenatal visit, a nurse is explaining to a client the fetal circulation process. The nurse informs the client with accuracy that fetal circulation includes:
Through two umbilical arteries, the heart of the embryo's blood leaves the body. One umbilical vein then returns the blood after it has been oxygenated. Veins deliver oxygenated blood, which gives the fetus oxygen and nutrition, whereas arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste products from the fetus.