FREE DHA Prometric Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements made by a type 2 diabetic client suggests to the nurse that more nutrition education is required?
The client requires further education; fruit that is intended to be eaten on a diet does not necessarily have no sugar and should be accounted for in a diabetic's diet. In terms of diet, lettuce is regarded as a free food for diabetics. A person with diabetes is said to need 50% of their calories from carbohydrates, 20% from protein, and 30% from fat. 10% of total fat should come from saturated fats; the remaining 90% should come from unsaturated fats.
Adolescent with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa is admitted to the psychiatric unit by a nurse. What is the main benefit that anorexic clients receive from their condition?
The client exhibits command over food intake and keeps a childish body build in order to control worry.
Since anorexics typically come from blended families, being apart from one's parents is not a desirable outcome. Individuals who suffer from anorexia usually do well academically and are praised for being the ideal child; they will not benefit from losing this attention source. The main benefit is control maintenance rather than the ensuing over-attention from parents.
A patient admitted to the hospital has severe preeclampsia. How can a nurse make sure she is physically safe first?
Seizures may occur in this client, who is susceptible to abrupt eclampsia; therefore, measures to prevent seizures are required to keep her and the fetus safe.
While this is crucial, the client's safety must come first. While giving sedatives can lessen nervous system irritation, it cannot guarantee the client's safety in the event of a seizure. When the patient is started on magnesium sulfate therapy, this will be necessary.
A patient who has recently begun taking haloperidol (Haldol) is shown pacing and shifting their weight between their feet. In the client's chart, what adverse effects does the nurse record?
The onset of akathisia, or restlessness, might happen six hours after taking Haldol for the first time. Most neuroleptics are linked to this negative effect. Parkinsonian side symptoms include tremors, a shuffling stride, and mask-like facial expressions. This serious, mostly irreversible extrapyramidal adverse effect develops if phenothiazines are taken for an extended period of time. Severe, unusual muscular contractions are the hallmark of an acute dystonic reaction.
A myelomeningocele-afflicted infant is being nursed by a nurse. What kind of nursing care should be given to this baby right away?
This is done to keep the sac from drying up and breaking; any opening raises the possibility of a CNS infection.
Until the deficiency is fixed, wearing diapers is not advised as they can irritate the sac and create a rupture, which increases the risk of infection. Usually, the baby is positioned in a neutral posture to lessen pressure on the injured area. Since the infant is unable to move their legs, the legs are abducted in order to counter the subluxation.
A tonic-clonic seizure is occurring in a client. What nursing action should be prioritized during the tonic-clonic phase of a seizure?
For a client experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure, this is the main nursing care along with seizure activity observation and documentation. Never leave the client unsupervised. This is done post-seizures; avoid prying open the lips to place an airway during a seizure since it may cause harm. While doing this during a seizure is dangerous, it will help establish an airway following the episode.
A patient diagnosed with antisocial behavior and personality disorder is admitted to the hospital. The customer is candidly talking about their interpersonal issues with their family, their employer at work, and the individual who stole the money. There are currently criminal charges against the client. Which behavior suggests that the patient is fulfilling the objectives of treatment?
An outpatient radiation therapy appointment has been set for a client with breast cancer who underwent chemotherapy following a lumpectomy. When a patient is getting radiation, what critical nurse intervention is there?
Skin exposed to radiation is susceptible to sensitivity and friability.
Only water should be used to clean a radioactive site. This is not advised since lotion contains ingredients that can change an x-ray's orientation. An Tight-fitting bras should be avoided until the radiation-damaged area recovers as they might irritate sensitive, irradiated skin.
How is the neurovascular status of an extremity cast from the ankle to the thigh to be evaluated by the nurse?
The Blanch test-based capillary refill provides a precise evaluation of neurovascular integrity; You should anticipate an instant refill.
Pedal pulse palpation, which is located distal to the damage, is more suitable than feeling the femoral artery. The Homan sign-related discomfort suggests thrombophlebitis, not blood flow impairment or innervation. The afflicted  area's flexion and extension. This cast makes it impossible to knee.
After spending many weeks in a mental unit, a patient frequently discusses delusional material. Which of the nurse's responses is most beneficial?
Talking about real-world problems lessens the likelihood of delusions and hallucinations by lowering emotions of loneliness and rivalry for sensory awareness. Delusions will be strengthened and validated by this, seeming to validate them. This is a critical reaction that can make the client feel less trusted and more anxious.
It is discovered that a child has a dust allergy. A lesson plan for the parents is being created by the nurse. What needs to be on the nurse's plan?
While it is impossible to totally avoid dust, using a moist towel reduces the amount of airborne particles that can be ingested. This is impractical and superfluous. There are strategies to reduce the amount of particles in the air. Dust will always be there; redecorating won't make it go away.