FREE CPHRM Exam Question and Answers
Which of the following would the Joint Commission classify as a sentinel event?
Explanation:
The Joint Commission would classify a hemolytic transfusion reaction brought on by blood type incompatibility as a sentinel occurrence. Any "unexpected occurrences involving mortality or significant physical or psychological, or the risk thereof," are generally considered sentinel events. A blood group incompatibility-related hemolytic transfusion reaction would be regarded as a sentinel event if it did not result in the patient's death or a serious permanent loss of function. Radiation therapy errors are classified as sentinel events if the treatment is administered to the wrong part of the body or is at least 25% higher than the intended dose. If a suicide happens while receiving ongoing care or within three days of release, it is considered a sentinel occurrence. Neonatal jaundice that is severe (defined as having a bilirubin level more than 30 mg/dl) is referred to as sentinel jaundice.
The medicine system at a hospital is extensive, and different parts of it are under the jurisdiction of several departments. What is one crucial step that may be taken to lessen system errors?
Explanation:
Making one person responsible for managing the entire system is a crucial first step in decreasing errors in a system that spans multiple departments. Often, only when one individual looks at the system as a whole can the sources of the issue be found. One individual may not be able to thoroughly analyze every aspect of the system, but a general supervisor may be able to identify instances when multiple departments are carrying out the same tasks in different ways. Due to their narrow perspective, department directors may not be able to detect errors caused by this kind of inconsistency.
What are the four elements of the situational briefing model called the SBAR?
Explanation:
Situation, background, assessment, and recommendation make up the four parts of the SBAR situational briefing model. The exchange of information during a crisis is organized using this communication approach. Detailing the circumstance is the first step. To accomplish this, one must identify themselves as well as their position and unit. The healthcare worker should then state the patient's name and the communication's reference room number. The employee should then quickly outline the issue. The employee will then provide background information by mentioning any pertinent medical history, current treatments, the date of admission, and the admission diagnosis. The situational briefing's assessment section offers a description of any changes from earlier assessments, such as those involving pain, blood pressure, or mental state. The employee will then provide a recommendation, such as that the patient should be visited by a doctor or moved to another facility.
What is the maximum fine for a hospital with more than 100 beds violating the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act?
Explanation:
A hospital with more than 100 beds is subject to a $50,000 fine per infraction of the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act. Maximum sanctions for hospitals with fewer than 100 beds are mere $25,000 per incident. Individual doctors can be fined $50,000 for each infraction.
What benefit does a voluntary error reporting system have over one that is mandated?
Explanation:
A voluntary system receives more reports from frontline practitioners than a mandated system, which is one advantage over the latter. Research has repeatedly demonstrated that when there is a voluntary mechanism in place, doctors and nurses who interact directly with patients are more likely to report errors. An essential component of quality improvement is error reporting. Accurate data must be collected, and this requires an efficient system. Although there are various widely used models, there is currently no standardized mechanism for reporting errors in the healthcare industry.
Which of the following must be true in order for a patient to no longer qualify for treatment under the Emergency Medical care and Active labor Act?
Explanation:
A patient must be alert in order to no longer qualify for services under the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act. Hospitals must offer emergency care under the EMTALA, regardless of insurance coverage. Any hospital that takes funding from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services or the Department of Health and Human Services must adhere by the EMTALA. The other possible answers are only somewhat inaccurate. If a patient is able to take care of themselves, he or she does not need to give the caregiver's contact information. A patient who can eat and communicate by using specialized equipment may not need to be in the hospital.
Which of the following conditions would NOT fall under the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act's definition of an emergency?
Explanation:
The Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act does not define normal child labor as an emergency. Child labor may be categorized as an emergency if the mother's or the unborn child's health is at risk. In these situations, the emergency is thought to last until the baby is delivered. The remaining options for answers all describe situations that the EMTALA would classify as emergencies. Generally speaking, a condition is considered an emergency when it manifests with symptoms severe enough to put the patient's health in danger or when it affects physiological organs or functions.