FREE Certified Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse Questions and Answer
What does "normalizing" grief mean?
Since many people start to think there must be something wrong with them because they have trouble functioning during a time of grief, normalizing grief entails reassuring those who are grieving that what they are going through is normal. Grief typically has a variety of emotional effects, such as anger, denial, loneliness, depression, despair, and guilt, as well as cognitive changes, behavioral effects, such as crying, withdrawing, changing one's sex drive, and physical effects, such as insomnia, hypersomnia, anorexia, trembling, palpitations, headaches, chest pain, weakness, and exhaustion.
Which prophylaxis can be applied if a child is receiving fludarabine as part of their leukemia treatment in order to prevent tumor lysis syndrome?
Allopurinol may be used to stop tumor lysis syndrome in kids being treated with fludarabine for leukemia, particularly if there is a significant tumor load. Drinking enough water is also essential. As cells are killed and nucleic acids are liberated, cytotoxic chemotherapy might result in higher uric acid levels. Because an elevated uric acid level is one of the causes of tumor lysis syndrome, allopurinol aids in lowering uric acid levels.
Which of the following chemotherapy drugs calls for audiometric testing since it is linked to sensorineural hearing loss?
Cisplatin is a cell-cycle nonspecific platinum containing alkylating drug that is contraindicated in patients with hearing impairment and requires audiometric hearing tests before starting treatment and after each dose due to its association with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (especially at high frequencies). Although it is advised against using Cisplatin if audiometric testing reveals hearing acuity is below normal ranges, certain studies have suggested that some hearing loss may be recoverable.
The risk of stroke is higher in patients who receive cranial radiation of more than 30 Gy because the radiation:
Because cranial radiation produces vasculopathies, patients who receive more than 30 Gy of radiation have a higher risk of stroke. Hemorrhagic or ischemic strokes are caused by the blood arteries narrowing, which reduces blood flow. Radiation-induced vasculopathy symptoms often appear 6 to 8 years after radiation treatment. Vasodilators may enhance blood flow in cases of minor blockage. The patient may require care in a rehabilitation facility if a stroke occurs.
The nurse is getting ready to provide packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to a patient who is having a leukemia induction. When is it okay to administer PRBCs after they have been taken out of the fridge?
After being taken out of the refrigerator, PRBC transfusions must begin within 30 minutes, and their length cannot exceed 4 hours. After administration, the patient should be closely monitored for at least 30 minutes while being continually observed during the first 15 minutes. Any blood product that seems clouded or unusual in appearance needs to be sent back to the lab very away. RBCs with abnormal color or a hazy appearance may be experiencing hemolysis. Gas bubbles could be an illness caused by bacteria.
Which of the above diagnostic procedures is used to evaluate bone marrow function and RBC production?
The diagnostic test used to evaluate bone marrow function and red blood cell generation is the reticulocyte count. Red blood cells that have not yet fully developed are known as reticulocytes.
Which source offers the most comprehensive information on all cancer types, including details on funding, clinical trials, and research, for both patients and medical professionals?
The National Cancer Institute offers a comprehensive A-Z listing of all cancer kinds and provides information on genetics, statistics, risk factors, preventative measures, and treatment choices in addition to data on clinical trials, funding, and research.