FREE Cardiac-Vascular Nursing Trivia Questions and Answers
A person with severe heart failure breathes during sleep in a Cheyne-Stokes pattern. Typically leading to:
Explanation:
A Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern during sleep in a patient with severe heart failure typically leads to hypoxemia as bouts of central apnea alternate with hyperpnea. These frequent hypoxemia episodes could worsen an already failing heart. Patients who experience frequent sleep interruptions may show lower attention while awake. The prevalence of pulmonary congestion reduces the gas reserves in the lungs, making alterations in the ventilatory pattern more significant than normal blood gas levels.
Which of the following is a crucial component of a real interdisciplinary team?
Explanation:
A common objective is a crucial component of any team that aspires to be truly transdisciplinary. It may be a workgroup (in which members have individual goals and projects) or a pseudogroup unless the group is engaged in a collaborative activity ( in which there needs to be more focus or direction). Interdisciplinary teams should have a consistent membership to build relationships over time. Because cooperation is more important than hierarchical organization in a group, leadership positions may change over time.
A patient with permanent pacemaker reports feeling worn out, having palpitations, and being lightheaded. Upon examination, it was discovered that the patient exhibited hypotension, jugular venous distention, and neck pulsations. The following is the root of the problem:
Explanation:
The most frequent cause of weariness, palpitations, and vertigo in a patient with a permanently implanted pacemaker is pacemaker syndrome, which is the improper timing of atrial and ventricular contractions. Pacemaker syndrome manifests as jugular venous distention, pulsations in the neck, and hypotension. The symptoms of VVI pacing are reflex vasodilation and hypotension brought on by the breakdown of AV synchronization. Low cardiac output, as a result, leads to exertional dyspnea, weariness, and weakness.
What distinguishes an advance directive from a POLST form in particular?
Explanation:
A POLST form (physician orders for life-sustaining treatment paradigm) and an advance directive are fundamentally different. The POLST form is only for patients with significant life-threatening conditions, whereas everyone should fill out an advance directive. The POLST form must be filled out and signed by a clinician because it involves a medical order, such as a DNR. Only some states have POLST forms; the programs go by many names.
Suppose a patient experiences an increased heart rate after receiving nitroglycerin for angina. The following is the root issue:
Explanation:
Due to the rapid vasodilation and fluid shift from the heart into the systemic circulation, reflex tachycardia is most likely to be blamed if a patient experiences a rapid heartbeat after receiving nitroglycerin for angina. The myocardium's baroreceptors interpret this as sudden blood loss and raise the heart rate to compensate for it. When the same baroreceptors determine enough blood volume, the tachycardia subsides, and the heart rate returns to normal.
For individuals with asymptomatic peripheral artery disease, the following cardiovascular event prophylaxis should be utilized under the ACCP Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis:
Explanation:
The ACCP Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis Guidelines state that ASA 75 mg to 100 mg daily should be the only form of cardiovascular event prevention for patients with asymptomatic peripheral artery disease. Over the past 10 years, this regimen has been demonstrated to marginally lower overall mortality. The benefit of MI prevention must be weighed against the danger of bleeding because routine ASA use raises the risk of severe bleeding.
If the heart rate is at or above this level, a correction (cQT) should be made when determining the QT interval.
Explanation:
Because the formula for computation is inaccurate with slower pulses, a correction (cQT) should only be applied when the heart rate is at least 60 bpm. Because the QT interval fluctuates depending on heart rate, it is challenging to determine the cQT if the heart rate is irregular. To calculate the cQT, a variety of formulas and electronic calculators can be utilized. The estimated cQT is calculated by deducting 0.02 seconds for every 10 bpm increase in heart rate from the standardized cQT at 60 beats per minute, which is 0.42 seconds.
