Test pratique de licence immobilière - Responsabilité du courtage et gestion d'agence
What is the legal status of listing brokers’ and sellers’ agency relationships?
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : Agence spécifique.
A licensee with specific agency (or special agency) can only operate on behalf of a principal in limited ways for a limited time, usually for only one transaction. A general agency is one in which the agent is authorized to serve as an agent for a variety of purposes. Universal agency refers to the principal’s unrestricted ability to act on his or her behalf. A restricted power of attorney authorizes the agent to act on behalf of the principal, but only for the specific actions listed.
Irène est propriétaire d'un entrepôt et a décidé de le vendre sur le marché libre. Les courtiers X, Y et Z ont été contactés pour le vendre en son nom. Qui reçoit la commission si le courtier Y conclut la transaction ?
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : courtier Y
Le courtier Y reçoit la commission.
Susan David met sur le marché son condo de deux chambres et une salle de bain. Avec un licencié immobilier local, elle a signé un contrat de droit exclusif de vente. Lequel des énoncés suivants décrit avec précision la relation d'agence créée par ce type d'accord d'inscription ?
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : agence Express.
La relation correcte dans ce type de contrat d'inscription est l'agence expresse.
Lorsqu'il y a délégation de pouvoir pour accomplir un acte unique, une agence ________ est constituée.
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : agent spécial
Un agent spécial est une personne qui a été autorisée par son mandant à exécuter un acte spécifique, à signer un contrat spécifique ou à trouver un acheteur pour un bien immobilier spécifique. Les agents spéciaux sont des agents inscripteurs. Si un agent a de nombreuses annonces avec le même vendeur, cet agent est classé plusieurs fois comme agent spécial. Une agence générale ne se compose pas de plusieurs annonces pour un seul client.
Dans une cotation ouverte, qui prend le plus de risques ?
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : l'agent
L'agent est celui qui prend le plus de risques dans une cotation ouverte.
À l'exception de _____________, tous les éléments suivants sont des relations d'agence.
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : la relation vendeur-acheteur immobilier
A salesperson may refer to oneself or herself as an agent, but he or she is not an agent. The agent is the broker. A salesperson owes the client (principal) all of the fiduciary duties that an agent owes, but the majority of the agent’s real estate-related operations must be overseen by a broker.
Lequel des éléments suivants est un bien personnel ?
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : Un acte
Même s'il constitue une preuve de propriété d'un bien immobilier, un acte de propriété est un bien personnel. Les biens personnels sont tout ce qui peut être déplacé. Un acte est considéré comme un bien meuble car il est meuble.
A “company dollar” in the context of a real estate brokerage firm is:
Wrong!
Correct answer: After paying licensee commissions, the brokerage firm’s profit.
Une fois les commissions du titulaire de licence payées, la société de courtage dispose d'un dollar d'entreprise.
B is incorrect answer. After paying licensee commissions (but not before), the brokerage business has a company dollar. C is incorrect answer. The phrase “desk fee” is defined in this answer option. D is incorrect answer. The IRS 1031 tax-deferred exchange does not use the word “company dollar.” Capital gains taxes on real estate used for business or investment purposes can be delayed if the parcel is exchanged for another “like-kind” lot under Section 1031 of the US Internal Revenue Code. This enables property owners to postpone paying federal capital gains taxes until the new lot is sold. Note that “”like-kind”” does not equal “identical” in a 1031 exchange. A like-kind real estate property is one that is used for business or investment purposes, such as an office building for an apartment complex.
A wealthy investor who is legally competent is selling a major commercial property. One of the state’s busiest and most profitable brokerage businesses represents the 35-year-old investor. The transaction’s closing date falls on an important overseas business trip that the investor cannot postpone or cancel. The investor signs a paper permitting a trusted friend to sign all documents pertaining to the sale of the commercial property before leaving on the business trip. The investor’s friend owes fiduciary duties to the investor after accepting the appointment. Which of the following is the name of the document signed by the investor?
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : Procuration
A Power of Attorney (POA) was the document that the investor signed. A properly executed POA allows an agent (known as an attorney-in-fact) to operate in the principal’s place. Fiduciary duties (e.g., duty of disclosure, duty of obedience, duty of secrecy, duty of care, etc.) are owed by an attorney-in-fact to the principal. The principle in this case is a wealthy investor, and the attorney-in-fact is a trusted acquaintance. Note that an attorney-in-fact is not required to be a lawyer.
When a listing agreement is signed, a broker collects a non-refundable fee from the seller to cover the cost of advertising the property for sale. An “advance fee” is a type of fee that is considered trust funds.
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : VRAI
Les fonds fiduciaires sont une avance de frais payée par le vendeur pour couvrir les dépenses de publicité. La gestion des fonds fiduciaires est régie par des restrictions relativement rigoureuses dans la plupart des États. En général, les fonds doivent être utilisés uniquement aux fins prévues et le principal doit être accompagné d'un décompte détaillé de toutes les dépenses. L'argent doit être restitué au mandant s'il n'est pas utilisé aux fins prévues.
Patrick’s house was foreclosed upon. Patrick was understandably unhappy, and shortly before being asked to depart the house, he removed all of the plumbing fixtures, lighting fixtures, and built-in appliances. The listing agent saw that the fixtures had been removed when Patrick’s lender offered the house for sale. What is the name of the procedure for removing the fixtures from the house?
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : indemnité de départ
Severance refers to the act of separating or cutting off a piece of real estate from the land. The lender is allowed to acquire the home with all of the fixtures intact because the lender is foreclosing on the real property, and the fixtures are considered real property. The removal of the fixtures from the home in the manner described in the scenario is a tort violation against the lender that can result in civil action, though it is usually not financially prudent for the lender to pursue such action because the litigation costs can be greater than the lender’s financial loss from the damages.
A listing agreement is formed between a seller and a real estate licensee for a valued property in a desirable neighborhood. The listing agreement is a bilateral arrangement with a defined termination date. The licensee acknowledges that if the seller finds a buyer, the licensee will not be paid a commission. What does the listing agreement’s name stand for?
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : Agence exclusive
Unless the seller finds the buyer, the licensee will earn a commission if a buyer is found in an exclusive agency listing agreement. There is just one brokerage firm with the exclusive agency listing agreement. (canadianpharmacy365.net) In addition, the licensee is given a specific amount of time to find a buyer. Finally, the exclusive agency listing contract is a two-way arrangement. A bilateral contract is a promise for promise exchange. If the licensee finds a buyer, the seller pledges to pay the commission. The licensee undertakes to find a buyer using due diligence.
De nombreuses similitudes existent entre le locataire d'un appartement et le propriétaire d'une copropriété. Lequel des énoncés suivants s'applique aux deux ?
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : Ils possèdent chacun un bien immobilier.
Bien que les conditions de vie et la disposition des immeubles puissent sembler comparables, le seul point commun entre un locataire d'appartement et un propriétaire de copropriété est qu'ils sont tous les deux propriétaires d'un bien immobilier. Un droit d'intérêt est détenu par un propriétaire de condo (qui est un domaine en pleine propriété). Le locataire détient un intérêt à bail dans la propriété. Selon la façon dont le propriétaire du condo conserve le titre, sa succession pourrait également être une succession.
JCS Realty, MPS Realty, and CDO Realty are among the agencies that have listed Anne’s home. Anne has committed to pay a commission to the listing firm only if the firm finds a ready, willing, and able buyer and the sale is completed in each listing agreement. This is a ____________ type of listing.
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : une liste ouverte
An open listing allows any real estate licensee with a listing agreement with the seller to earn a commission if he finds the home’s buyer. An open listing allows the seller to enter into multiple listing agreements with different brokerage firms and only pay a commission to the firm that finds the buyer. Sellers may mistakenly believe that having this type of listing provides them an edge. In most circumstances, however, listing agents in an open listing are less likely to market the property aggressively if another firm may be able to locate a buyer. Furthermore, most Multiple Listing Services (MLS) expressly ban the publication of open listings in MLS listings, requiring any marketing of the property to be done through less effective ways.
Troy et Ruth ont été obligés d'accepter la propriété d'une maison dans le lotissement Hillyborugh sous des clauses, conditions et restrictions spécifiques (CC&R) lorsqu'ils ont choisi de l'acheter. Leur agent immobilier leur a indiqué qu'ils devaient respecter les CC&R pendant la durée de leur propriété ou risquer de les perdre. Leur propriété était un __________.
Wrong!
Bonne réponse : fief simple annulable
Fee simple defeasible estates are those that can be “defeated.” CC&Rs are referred to as “conditions subsequent,” which means that they must be met after the property has been acquired. When Troy and Ruth’s representative cautioned them about the penalties of non-compliance before they signed the contract, she did so correctly.
The property manager’s responsibilities do not include ________.
Wrong!
Correct answer: Informing the building’s owner of its market value
A property manager is required to keep up with market rentals in the area and to keep track of vacancies in the building under management. The property manager, on the other hand, has no obligation to keep the principle up to date on the building’s market worth. As a party to the duty of agency, a property manager’s responsibilities always include fairness and honesty.