FREE Cardiac Surgery Sample Questions and Answers
What are the two classifications of aneurysm?
Removal of the native heart and replacement with a donor heart is indicated for patients with ______ cardiac disease.
The removal of the native heart and replacement with a donor heart, also known as heart transplantation, is indicated for patients with end-stage cardiac disease. End-stage cardiac disease refers to advanced and irreversible damage to the heart, where conventional medical therapies are no longer effective in managing the condition. In such cases, heart transplantation may be considered as a treatment option for improving the patient's quality of life and overall survival. The decision for heart transplantation is based on careful evaluation of the patient's medical history, current condition, and the availability of a suitable donor organ.
A quick heartbeat called a tachycardia, usually more than ________ beats per minute.
Tachycardia is a fast heart rate, usually defined as a heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute. Therefore, it is typically considered tachycardia when the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute, rather than 120 beats per minute as stated in your response. However, it's important to note that the specific heart rate threshold to classify tachycardia may vary depending on factors such as age, underlying health conditions, and the context in which it occurs.
Suture annuloplasty, ring annuloplasty, and valve replacement with either a biologic or mechanical prosthesis are a few of the treatments available for tricuspid valve disease. The tricuspid annulus is saddle-shaped, much like the mitral valve, and procedures to repair the valve should take its anatomical arrangement into account. Patients who have severe regurgitation, tricuspid stenosis, or a failed tricuspid (suture or ring) annuloplasty may need to have a prosthetic biologic or mechanical valve implanted. What kind of prosthetic graft would be made or placed as there are no specialized prosthetic tricuspid valves available?
When there are no specific tricuspid prosthetic valves available, the preferred approach for replacing the tricuspid valve is to use a mitral prosthesis. The mitral prosthesis is designed for the mitral valve, which is similar to the tricuspid valve in terms of anatomy and function. Therefore, in the absence of dedicated tricuspid prosthetic valves, a mitral prosthesis is commonly used as a substitute in cases where tricuspid valve replacement is required. The mitral prosthesis is modified and implanted in the tricuspid position to restore the valve function.
The #11 knife blade is used to cut open the coronary artery (or Beaver blade), and the incision is extended with Dietrich or fine _______ coronary scissors.
The correct term to complete the sentence is "Potts." The incision made in the coronary artery with a #11 knife blade is extended using Dietrich or fine Potts coronary scissors. Potts coronary scissors are a specific type of surgical scissors designed for delicate dissection and cutting in cardiovascular procedures, including coronary artery surgeries. They are commonly used in cardiac surgery to precisely extend the incision in the coronary artery for various interventions, such as bypass grafting or other procedures involving the coronary arteries.
A pacemaker is a device that produces electrical impulses that stimulate the heart. This process is called _____________.
The process of producing electrical impulses that stimulate the heart using a pacemaker is called "pacing the heart."